At the NBER IFM Summer Institute session on exchange rates yesterday, the debate over the use of survey data rekindled. In Exchange Rate and Interest Rate Disconnect, Şebnem Kalemli-Özcan and Liliana Varela used survey data on exchange rate depreciation. The discussant Adrian Verdelhan (MIT) and audience members questioned whether such data actually measured what we thought they measured market expectations.
Category Archives: exchange rates
Judy Shelton Confuses Me: On Interest Rates, Currency Manipulation
With Judy Shelton’s nomination to be a Fed governor, it behooves us to consider her views on the world. I will point out two salient (there are many) areas of confusion about her views: (1) interest rates and monetary policy easing, and (2) currency manipulation.
Guest Contribution: “A Tale of Two Surplus Countries: China and Germany”
Today we are fortunate to present a guest contribution written by Yin-Wong Cheung (City University of Hong Kong), Sven Steinkamp (Universität Osnabrück) and Frank Westermann (Universität Osnabrück). This contribution is based on a paper forthcoming in the Open Economies Review.
“Exchange rate models for a new era: Major and emerging market currencies”
That’s the title of a forthcoming special section in the Journal of International Money and Finance. Here’s the introductory article to the special issue [link].
Disruptions to financial markets, elevated risk levels, and unconventional monetary policies pursued by central banks have altered the landscape of international finance. The near zero and negative interest rates in several key advanced economies, for instance, present a new environment for pricing financial assets and shock transmission. The ultra-accommodative policy stance has affected exchange rates via, for instance, its effects on expectations, capital flows and global liquidity. As a result, new challenges in modelling equilibrium exchange rates, assessing exchange rate misalignment, and evaluating their roles in re-balancing external imbalances, and shock transmission have arisen. Against this backdrop, a conference was convened to provide a platform for discussing recent advances in modelling exchange rates, from perspectives of both major and emerging market currencies. This special issue of the Journal of International Money and Finance consists of eight papers presented at a conference organized by Global Research Unit at Department of Economics and Finance, City University of Hong Kong, Bank for International Settlements, Asian Office, and Centre for Economic Policy Research, with advice from Nelson Mark, and held at City University of Hong Kong, May 18–19, 2017. The topics covered advances in empirical exchange rate modeling, the effect of news, risk and uncertainty on currency values, order flow and exchange rates, monetary policy and interest rate parity, and the behavior of the Renminbi duringthe post-crisis. We describe below the main take-aways from these papers. …
The entire article is here (ungated for 50 days). special issue [link]. Published online: Adler, Lama & Medina, Berg & Mark, Cao, Huang, Liu & MacDonald, Cheung, Chinn, Garcia Pascual & Zhang (ungated for 50 days), Cheung, Fatum & Yamamoto, Engel, Lee, Liu, Liu & Wu, Krohn & Moore, and McCauley & Shu.
A Primer on Misalignment (You’ll Need It If Peter Navarro Has His Way)
Today’s Bloomberg article notes that my one-time coauthor Peter Navarro has pushed to have countervailing duty (CVD) investigations augmented with assessments of currency unvervaluation. A prominent target of CVD investigations has been China.
Figure 1: USD/CNY bilateral nominal exchange rate (blue, left inverted scale), and real trade weighted (broad) value of the CNY (red, right scale). May 2019 observation is for first 20 days. Light orange denotes Trump administration. Source: Federal Reserve via FRED, BIS.
“White House Considers Economist Judy Shelton for Fed Board”
That’s the title of an article in Bloomberg:
Shelton, who’s served as an informal adviser to Trump, holds a Ph.D. in business administration with an emphasis on finance and international economics from the University of Utah.
A Gold Standard Exchange Rate Regime for the 21st Century
The quasi-nomination of Stephen Moore and Herman Cain to the Federal Reserve Board has resurrected the issue of the gold standard. Jim Hamilton has repeatedly — and convincingly — critiqued the idea of a return to the classical gold standard, here, here, here, and here. But here I talk about what a gold standard for the 21st century would entail.
Guest Contribution: “The Euro area: Are member countries similar enough to share the same currency?”
Today we are pleased to present a guest contribution written by Virginie Coudert (Banque de France and CEPII), Cécile Couharde (EconomiX-CNRS, University of Paris Nanterre), Carl Grekou (CEPII and EconomiX-CNRS), and Valérie Mignon (EconomiX-CNRS, University of Paris Nanterre, and CEPII). This blog post reflects the opinions of the authors and does not necessarily express the views of the institutions to which they belong.
Forward Rate Bias over a Third of a Century
Just updated/cleaned and extended the survey and forward rate data used in Chinn and Frankel (2019) (discussed in this post). Here are preliminary results regard forward rate bias, both pre- and post-crisis.
When the Textbook Is Right: Implications of the Trump Fiscal/Trade Regime
Today we learned that through March, the Federal budget deficit was 15% larger than the corresponding point in the last fiscal year — as expected given a not particularly stimulative tax cut (so much for tax cuts paying for themselves, as Stephen Moore claimed) and the ending of spending restraints. The dollar remains at elevated levels, as interest rates have risen. The trade deficit, excluding petroleum, continues to deteriorate. As I explained to my macro class today… it’s all textbook (notes).