How Long the Dollar Upswing?

One of the seminal empirical exchange rate papers is Charles Engel‘s and Jim Hamilton‘s “Long swings in the exchange rate: are they in the data and do markets know it?” (AER, 1990). Think about it – while one often can’t reject the null hypothesis of a random walk in the exchange rate (using typically low-powered tests), the typical floating exchange rate sure doesn’t look like a random walk. What does a Markov switching model applied to the US broad trade weighted real value of the US dollar (instead of bilateral against Deutsche mark, French franc, British pound).

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Reminder: “Recession” Is Not the Same as “People Are Unhappy”

Reader Steve Kopits, after again asserting that VMT, gasoline consumption, GDP all imply recession in H1 2022, writes as his clinching argument “And apparently, the public is none too enamored of macro indicators, either, given recent polling heading into November.” I agree, the public is not terribly happy, as evidenced by say the U Michigan Sentiment indicator. But that’s not to say we’re in a recession.

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